This course is a general introduction to the cultural and intellectual history of ancient Rome from its founding to its decline, fall, and continuation as Byzantium. Why was ancient Rome able to conquer and rule most of the Mediterranean world? Why did it eventually collapse? What did ancient Romans believe? What kind of debates did they have? What is distinctive about ancient Roman culture, and how did it change over time? Through independent reading, guided reading, lectures, and in-class discussion, students acquire a substantial introductory knowledge of the cultural and intellectual history of ancient Rome.